Polishing powder is usually composed of cerium oxide (VK-CE01), aluminum oxide (VK-L30F), silicon oxide (VK-SP50F), iron oxide, zirconia (VK-R30F), chromium oxide, and other components. Different materials have different hardness and chemical properties in water, resulting in different usage scenarios. Aluminum oxide and chromium oxide<a href=“ https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8E%AB%E6%B0%8F%E7%A1%AC%E5%BA%A6/1605832?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%8E%AB%E6%B0%8F%E7%A1%AC%E5%BA%A6/1605832?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; The Mohs hardness is 9, cerium oxide and zirconia are 7, and iron oxide is even lower. Cerium oxide and<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A1%85%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%A1%85%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Silicate glass has high chemical activity and comparable hardness, making it widely used for glass polishing. To increase the polishing speed of cerium oxide, it is usually used in<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%88%E6%8A%9B%E5%85%89%E7%B2%89/1981474?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%88%E6%8A%9B%E5%85%89%E7%B2%89/1981474?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Adding fluorine to cerium oxide polishing powder to increase grinding efficiency.<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F/12671008?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E7%A8%80%E5%9C%9F/12671008?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Mixed rare earth polishing powder is usually mixed with 3-8% fluorine; pure cerium oxide polishing powder is usually not mixed with fluorine.

For ZF or F series glass, it is better to choose polishing powder without fluorine because of its low hardness and high fluorine content in the material itself.

Polishing powder types include rare earth polishing powder and diamond polishing powder (including polycrystalline diamond powder, single crystal diamond powder, and nano diamond powder) Aluminum oxide series micropowder, cerium oxide series micropowder,<a href=“ https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E9%95%80%E8%A1%A3%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E7%9F%B3/9139577?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E9%95%80%E8%A1%A3%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E7%9F%B3/9139577?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; We will focus on rare earth polishing powders, alumina powders, and cerium oxide powders.

Rare earth polishing powders

Cerium based rare earth polishing powders have excellent chemical and physical properties, making them widely used in industrial product polishing, such as in various<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/1254574?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/1254574?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Optical glass components, television picture tubes, optical eyeglass lenses, oscilloscope tubes,<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%B9%B3%E6%9D%BF%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/10302375?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%B9%B3%E6%9D%BF%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/10302375?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Polishing of flat glass, semiconductor chips, and precision metal products.

Aluminum oxide powder

High purity and ultra fine a<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9D%E7%B2%89/5616830?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%93%9D%E7%B2%89/5616830?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Aluminum oxide powder, with a primary particle size of 20-40 nanometers, and a secondary particle size that can be customized according to customer requirements. This product has advantages such as good particle shape, high purity, and uniform particle size distribution. It is applied to:

(1) fluorescent powder, high-pressure sodium lamp tubes,<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%89%82%E8%BD%BD%E4%BD%93/10479419?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%89%82%E8%BD%BD%E4%BD%93/10479419?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Catalyst carriers, nano electroplating industry, transparent sintered bodies, precision polished bioceramics, electronic ceramics, fine grinding and polishing, and other fields Optical crystals such as large-sized sapphire single crystals, laser crystals, fiber optic interfaces, etc

Cerium oxide micropowder

Fine polishing powder is produced using rare earth concentrate produced in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as raw material, and is processed through strict processes such as crushing, grading, and purification. All products meet the ultra-pure technical specifications

Widely used in lenses, television tubes, spectacle lenses, artificial crystals, gemstones, optical components, optical fibers,<a href=“ https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/9996101?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/9996101?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Art Glass,<a=" https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/4787243?fromModule=lemma_inlink _== https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83/4787243?fromModule=lemma_inlink Style="font size: 18px; Polishing of electronic glass, flat glass, etc.

Indicators that affect the performance of polishing powder

(1) Particle size of powder: determines the polishing accuracy and speed, commonly expressed as the number of mesh and the average particle size of the powder. The number of sieved mesh can grasp the relative particle size of the powder, and the average particle size determines the overall level of polishing powder particle size.

(2) Mohs hardness of powder: Powder with relatively high hardness has a faster cutting effect, and adding some grinding aids can also improve the cutting effect; There will be significant differences in different application fields, including their own processing techniques

(3) Powder suspension performance: Good powder requires polishing powder to have good suspension performance. The shape and particle size of the powder have a certain impact on the suspension performance. Polishing powder with finer sheet shape and particle size has relatively better suspension performance, but it is not the right choice. The improvement of the suspension performance of polishing powder can also be achieved by adding suspension (agent)

(4) Crystal form of powder: The crystal form of powder is a single crystal particle that aggregates together, which determines the cutting ability, wear resistance, and flowability of the powder. The single crystal particles agglomerated with powder are separated (broken) during the polishing process, resulting in a gradual decrease in their cutting and wear resistance. Irregular hexagonal crystalline particles have good cutting, wear resistance, and flowability

(5) Appearance color: The content of Pr in the raw material is related to factors such as ignition temperature. The higher the praseodymium content, the brownish red color of the powder will appear. Low cerium polishing powder contains a large amount of praseodymium (cerium praseodymium material), making it appear brownish red. High cerium polishing powder, the higher the ignition temperature, the more white and pink it appears. At low temperatures (around 900 degrees Celsius), it appears light yellow

Particle size

The larger the particle size of cerium oxide, the greater the grinding force, and the more suitable for harder materials. ZF glass should use finer polishing powder. It should be noted that there is a distribution problem with the particle size of all ceria. The average particle size or median diameter D50 only determines the speed of polishing, while the particle size Dmax determines the level of polishing accuracy. Therefore, in order to achieve high precision requirements, it is necessary to control the particle size of the polishing powder

Hardness

The true hardness of polishing powder is related to the material, for example, the hardness of cerium oxide is around 7 Mohs hardness, and all types of cerium oxide are similar. But different ceria bodies give people a different feeling of hardness because ceria polishing powders are usually agglomerates. The attached image shows an electron microscope photo of a polishing powder agglomerate. Due to different firing temperatures, the strength of aggregates also varies, resulting in a different feeling of hardness when used. Of course, adding harder materials such as aluminum oxide to some polishing powders can improve the grinding rate and wear resistance